Laser engraving is the superior methodology of constructing more precise carves using modern lasers. With the intention to meet the roundness requirements of ductile-mode grinding, the abrasive layer of the wheel is floor or polished till the grain surfaces look like aligned on a common cylindrical or toroidal envelope surface ( figure 12 ). Zhao et al. demonstrated that ductile-mode grinding of optical glasses with ‘engineered wheels’ of this sort is possible.
Hence, ductile-mode grinding of brittle materials is possible, offered the uncut chip thickness is smaller than a important thickness at which crack formation units in 25 The problem …