In the EU, sovereign nations have gathered their authority in a system of courts and the European Parliament. These institutions are allowed the power to enforce authorized norms each in opposition to or for member states and citizens in a fashion which is not possible by way of public international law. As the European Court of Justice noted in its 1963 Van Gend en Loos determination, European Union law constitutes “a brand new legal order of worldwide law” for the mutual social and economic advantage of the member states. The sources for public international law development are custom, apply and …